When Can a Landlord Call the Police?

A landlord is not only responsible for maintaining their property — they also have a duty to protect the safety and wellbeing of tenants and the community. But when is it appropriate or legal for a landlord to involve law enforcement? Landlords do have the right to call the police, but only under specific circumstances.

1. Criminal Activity on the Property

If a landlord suspects or witnesses criminal behavior — such as drug activity, violence, theft, or vandalism — they are fully within their rights to contact the police. In areas like South Los Angeles, CA (ZIP 90003) or parts of Philadelphia, PA (ZIP 19132), where property crime may be more prevalent, landlords often work closely with local police to address ongoing issues.

2. Noise Disturbances and Unlawful Gatherings

Landlords can call the police to intervene in cases of loud, ongoing parties that violate noise ordinances — particularly when neighbors complain or when the lease explicitly prohibits such activity. For example, in Tempe, AZ (ZIP 85281), which has a large student population, this is a common concern.

3. Domestic Violence or Threats to Safety

If there is a clear threat to someone’s safety — including signs of domestic abuse, harassment, or physical danger — landlords may call authorities. However, they must act cautiously and avoid violating tenant privacy rights.

4. Trespassing or Unauthorized Occupants

When a non-tenant is occupying the unit without permission — such as a squatter or someone staying long-term without being on the lease — a landlord may request police intervention, especially if the person refuses to leave. In Cook County, IL, for example, cases of illegal subletting or squatting sometimes escalate to police involvement.

5. Safety Emergencies

Landlords can (and should) contact emergency services when there's immediate risk to life or property — such as a fire, gas leak, violent confrontation, or medical emergency. Police or fire departments can act quickly to protect tenants and property.

What a Landlord Cannot Do

Landlords cannot use the police as a tool for harassment, intimidation, or illegal eviction. For example, they cannot call law enforcement just because a tenant is late on rent, refuses to leave voluntarily, or files a complaint against them. Doing so may violate tenant protection laws — especially in cities like New York, NY or San Francisco, CA, where renters have strong legal protections.

Best Practices for Landlords

• Document all incidents and complaints thoroughly.
• Try to resolve lease violations directly with the tenant before escalating.
• Contact law enforcement only when safety, criminal activity, or public order is at risk.
• Know local laws — procedures differ in cities like Austin, TX vs. Detroit, MI.

In conclusion, landlords can call the police when safety, legality, or emergency situations demand it — but misuse of this authority can lead to legal trouble. Understanding local laws and applying fair judgment is key to responsible property management.